Application and use of the Customer-Based Brand Equity (CBBE) model. Study of brand loyalty through the figure of the influencer
Main Article Content
Abstract
Technological advances pose a particular challenge to traditional advertising formats, which have a certain difficulty when it comes to disconnecting with the public and audience. Overexposure to advertising and media causes traditional promotional channels to lose their effectiveness and communication efforts are directed towards the search for new formats to reach and impact to consumers in a non-intrusive way, such as the social media scenario. In this context, and as a starting point of research, the figure of the influencer is gaining strength, a strategic tool that has been used by many brands and has generated a so high economic impact in some areas such as fashion, for example. So, the objective is, therefore, to delve into the influencing effect that these persuaders have on consumers in their choice of fashion brands. The methodology used is based on a three-pronged approach and includes several qualitative and quantitative research techniques and addresses both consumers and influencers. Thus, supported by Keller's Resonance Model, 9 in-depth interviews were conducted with influencers on Instagram and 1080 responses were obtained to a survey of follower. The results indicate that brand loyalty is amplified thanks to the resonance that influencers contribute to through their collaborative actions with these brands.
Downloads
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
References
Abidin, C. (2016): “Visibility labour: Engaging with Influencers’ fashion brands and# OOTD advertorial campaigns on Instagram”, Media International Australia, 161 (1): 86-100. https://doi.org/10.1177/1329878X16665177
Aguilera, J., Baños, M. y Ramírez, F.J. (2016): “Los mensajes híbridos en el marketing posmoderno: una propuesta de taxonomía”, Icono 14, 14 (2): 6-57. https://doi.org/10.7195/ri14.v14i1.890
Booth, N. y Matic, J. A. (2011): “Mapping and leveraging influencers in social media to shape corporate brand perceptions”, Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 16 (3): 184-191. https://doi.org/10.1108/13563281111156853
Castelló-Martínez, A. y del Pino-Romero, C. (2015): “La comunicación publicitaria con influencers”, Redmarka: revista académica de marketing aplicado, 14: 21-50. https://doi.org/10.17979/redma.2015.01.014.4880
Chen, J.; Teng, L.; Yu, Y. y Yu, X., (2016): “The effect of online information sources on purchase intentions between consumers with high and low susceptibility to informational influence”, Journal of Business Research, 69 (2): 467-475. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.05.003
Chetioui, Y., Benlafqih, H. y Lebdaoui, H. (2020): “How fashion influencers contribute to consumers' purchase intention”, Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 24 (3): 361-380. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFMM-08-2019-0157
Díaz, L. (2017): Soy marca: quiero trabajar con influencers, influencer marketing. Madrid: Profit.
Elías Zambrano, R. y Jiménez-Marín, G. (2021). Reflexiones en torno a la comunicación organizacional, la publicidad y el audiovisual, desde una perspectiva multidisciplinar. Madrid: Fragua. Disponible en web: https://bit.ly/3A6lOQK
Fazal-E-Hasan, S. M., Ahmadi, H., Mortimer, G. Grimmer, M. y Kelly, L. (2018): “Examining the role of consumer hope in explaining the impact of perceived brand value on customer–brand relationship outcomes in an online retailing environment”, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 41: 101-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2017.12.004
Garolera, J. (1997): Aspectos distintivos del “Brand Equity” en marcas percibidas como locales y como globales. Barcelona: IESE.
González-Romo, Z. y Plaza-Romero, N. (2017): “Estrategias de marketing digital en el sector de la moda de lujo. Interacción y redes sociales como herramienta necesaria”, Hipertext. net: Revista Académica sobre Documentación Digital y Comunicación Interactiva, 15: 17-27.
Hennig-Thurau, T. y Walsh, G. (2003): “Electronic word-of- mouth: motives for and consequences of reading customer articulations on the Internet”, International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 8 (2): 51-74. https://doi.org/10.1080/10864415.2003.11044293
IAB España (2019): Estudio Anual de Redes Sociales. Disponible en web: https://iabspain.es/estudio/estudio-anual-de-redes-sociales-2019/
Inditex (2020). Disponible en web: https://www.inditex.com/es/quienes-somos/nuestras-marcas/zara.
Jiménez-Marín, G. y Pérez-Curiel, C. (2021): “Las redes sociales como herramienta de comunicación entre públicos: endorsement marketing como forma de publicidad”, en Elías Zambrano, R. y Jiménez-Marín, G. coord.: Reflexiones en torno a la comunicación organizacional, la publicidad y el audiovisual, desde una perspectiva multidisciplinar: 13-26. Madrid: Fragua. Disponible en web: https://bit.ly/3A6lOQK
Jun, S. y Yi, J. (2020): “What makes followers loyal? The role of influencer interactivity in building influencer brand equity”, Journal of Product & Brand Management, 29 (6): 803-814. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-02-2019-2280
Keller, K. (2001): Building customer-based brand equity: a blueprint for creating strong brands. Philadelphia: Marketing Science Institute.
Krippendorff, K. (2004): Content analysis. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Lee, S. H. y Workman, J. E. (2021): “Trendsetting and gender matter: Brand loyalty, perceived quality, and word-of-mouth”, Journal of Global Fashion Marketing, 12 (1): 16-31. https://doi.org/10.1080/20932685.2020.1835523
López-Font, L. (2005): “Agencia de Publicidad: La reinvención constante”, Questiones publicitarias, 1 (10): 99-118. https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/qp.161
Martin, C. A. y Tulgan, B. (2001): Managing generation Y. Global Citizens Born in the Late Seventies and Early Eighties. Massachusetts: HRD Press.
Monserrat-Gauchi, J. M y Sabater-Quinto, F. S. (2017): Planificación estratégica de la comunicación en redes sociales. Barcelona: UOC.
Moral Santaella, C. (2006). “Criterios de validez en la investigación cualitativa actual”, Revista de Investigación Educativa, 24 (I): 147-164. Disponible en web: https://bit.ly/3jEvf43
Navarro, G. M. y de Garcillán López-Rúa, M. (2016): “La influencia de los blogs de moda en el comportamiento del consumidor. Un enfoque exploratorio”, Vivat Academia, 135: 85-109. http://dx.doi.org/10.15178/va.2016.135.85-109
Páramo Bernal, P. (2018): La investigación en ciencias sociales. Técnicas de recolección de información. Bogotá: Universidad Piloto de Colombia.
Pérez-Curiel, C. y García-Gordillo, M. M. (2018): “Política de influencia y tendencia fake en Twitter. Efectos postelectorales (21D) en el marco del Procés en Cataluña”, El Profesional de la Información, 27 (5): 1030-1040. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2018.sep.07
Perlado-Lamo-de-Espinosa, M., Papí-Gálvez, N. y Bergáz-Portolés, M. (2019): “Del planificador de medios al experto en medios: El efecto digital en la publicidad”, Comunicar, 59 (27): 105-114. https://doi.org/10.3916/C59-2019-10
Rocamora, A. (2017): “Mediatization and digital media in the field of fashion”, Fashion Theory, 21 (5): 505-522. https://doi.org/10.1080/1362704X.2016.1173349
Rohrs, J. K. (2014): Audience: Marketing in the Age of Subscribers, Fans & Followers. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Rouse, M. (2011): Social Media Marketing (SMM). Disponible en web: https://bit.ly/38hcRFd
Saavedra, J. L. (2006): “Manual práctico para construir una marca”, Debates IESA, 11 (1): 83-86. Disponible en web: https://bit.ly/3AbXyNa
Sábada, T. y San Miguel, P. (2014): “Revisión de los Influentials en moda con la aparición de Internet: estudio del caso español a través de Stylelovely.com”, Revista de Comunicación, 13: 60-83. Disponible en web: https://dadun.unav.edu/bitstream/10171/57279/1/pdf.pdf
Sáenz López, K. A. (2012): Metodología para investigaciones de alto impacto en las ciencias sociales y jurídicas. Madrid: Dykinson.
Saleem, S., Rahman, S. U. y Umar, R. M. (2015): “Measuring customer-based beverage brand equity: Investigating the relationship between perceived quality, brand awareness, brand image, and brand loyalty”, International Journal of Marketing Studies, 7 (1): 66-78. Disponible en web: http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe202104079643
San Martín, H., Herrero, A.; y García de los Salmones, M. D. (2019): “An integrative model of destination brand equity and tourist satisfaction”, Current Issues in Tourism, 22 (16): 1992-2013. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2018.1428286
Sanz-Marcos, P., Jiménez-Marín, G. y Elías-Zambrano, R. (2019): “La incorporación de la figura del influencer en las campañas publicitarias: Consecuencias para las agencias de publicidad españolas”, adComunica. Revista Científica de Estrategias, Tendencias e Innovación en Comunicación, 18: 63-86. http://dx.doi.org/10.6035/2174-0992.2019.18.5
Segarra-Saavedra, J. y Hidalgo-Marí, T. (2018): “Influencers, moda femenina e Instagram: El poder de prescripción en la era 2.0”, Revista Mediterránea de Comunicación, 9 (1): 313-325. https://doi.org/10.14198/MEDCOM2018.9.1.17
Siabato, M. F. y Oliva, E. J. (2014): “Evolución y caracterización de los modelos de Brand Equity”, Suma de negocios, 5 (12): 158-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-910X(14)70038-2
Smith, D., Menon, S. y Sivakumar, K. (2005): “Online peer and editorial recommendations, trust and choice in virtual markets”, Journal of Interactive Marketing, 19 (3): 15-37. https://doi.org/10.1002/dir.20041
Nielsen Latam (2019): Total Consumer Report.
Tucker, W. T. (1964): “The development of brand loyalty”, Journal of Marketing Research, 1 (3): 32-35. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224376400100304
Tynan, C.; Mckechnie, S. y Chhuon, C. (2010): “Co-creating value for luxury brands”, Journal of Business Research, 63 (11): 1156-1163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2009.10.012
Vernuccio, M. (2014): “Communicating corporate brands through social media: an exploratory study, International Journal of Business Communication, 51 (3): 211-233. https://doi.org/10.1177/2329488414525400