Gestión de la felicidad y bienestar en el trabajo: Evolución, hallazgos clave y direcciones futuras. Una revisión sistemática
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Este estudio presenta una revisión sistemática sobre la evolución de la Gestión de la Felicidad en los entornos laborales entre 2010 y 2024, analizando metodologías, marcos teóricos y sectores de estudio. Se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo y descriptivo, seleccionando estudios revisados por pares de SCOPUS y Web of Science, siguiendo criterios de inclusión predefinidos. El proceso de revisión se estructuró conforme al modelo PRISMA para garantizar rigor metodológico. Los resultados indican que la investigación está dominada por estudios cuantitativos y transversales, principalmente en grandes empresas de los sectores bancario, educativo y sanitario. Las teorías más aplicadas son la Psicología Positiva y el Modelo de Demandas y Recursos Laborales. Sin embargo, existen brechas significativas, como la escasa representación de las pymes y la economía gig, inconsistencias en los métodos de medición y la falta de estudios longitudinales sobre el impacto a largo plazo de la felicidad laboral. Además, los efectos del COVID-19, la transformación digital y la automatización en el bienestar de los empleados siguen siendo poco explorados. La felicidad en el trabajo se distingue del “clima organizacional” y la “satisfacción laboral”. Mientras que el clima organizacional refleja percepciones colectivas y la satisfacción laboral evalúa condiciones específicas, la felicidad laboral es un estado integral de bienestar que involucra compromiso, propósito y realización profesional. Abordar estas brechas requiere investigaciones interdisciplinarias que integren nuevos marcos teóricos, herramientas de medición más completas y enfoques metodológicos diversos, con el fin de desarrollar estrategias que mejoren el bienestar, el rendimiento organizacional y la resiliencia en entornos laborales en evolución.
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